The famous animals of sundarban.

THE FAMOUS ANIMALS OF THE SUNDERBANS NATIONAL FOREST. 

                    The boat with sundarban. 

The Sunderbans give a unique ecosystem and a very nice wildlife habitat. As per the 2011 tiger census, the Sunderbans had around almost 270 tigers. Dense tiger attacks take place in the Sunderbans. Other than the star highlight of the Sunderbans, the most endangered Royal Bengal Tiger, there is more wildlife found. The all the forest Surrounded by the mangroves, the Sunderbans offer habitat to a very much variety of species like tigers, wolf, deers,crocodiles, leopards, birds,crabs, small fishes, shrimps and more. Other than these, one can spot fauna like wild boars, fishing cats, macaques, common grey mongooses,  foxes, jungle cats, flying foxes, pangolins, and spotted deer and many species of birds, fish's, and bees, at the Sunderbans.

                        Fishing with boat. 

The first forest management division to have domination over the Sundarbans was founded in 1869. In the year 1875 a large portion of the mangrove forests was declared as reserved forests by the Forest Act, 1865 . The due portions of the forests were declared a reserve forest the following this year and the forest, which was so faraway administered by the civil governance district, was placed under the control by the Forest Department. A forest division, which is the basically forest management and governance unit, was created in 1879 with the headquarters in Khulna, Bangladesh. The first management plan was written for the period 1893–1898. However let's go to know what are the famous animal of the mangrove forest sundarban. 

Predator :

Most part of the Sunderbans has been taken over for human use which has left just some area of the forests. However, with the mangroves and due forests, Sunderbans form an necessary habitat for the famous responsible or endangered species Bengal tiger (Panthera tigers). Other than the tigers, the forest is also home to leopard (Panthera pardus fusca) and many more small predators like the wolf the jungle cats (Felis chaus), fishing cats (Prionailurus viverrinus), and the flying cats, or leopard cats, the beautiful deers,  wild pigs, and many other categories of animals. 

    

The Sunderbans is the only one place where the biggest predator of the Indo- Pacific region is found, the Bengal Tiger.(panthera triger) At the present time There are around more than 500 Bengal Tigers and 30,000 spotted dears of different species in the area.

Two species of crocodiles, both of them also live in the water but once the saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) and mugger crocodile (Crocodylus palustris) are also predators.  And the water monitor lizards (Varanus salvator), which hunt on both land and water.

Avifauna:

The forests of Sunderbans are home too numerous species of birds.  One can spot around more than 170 species of endemic brown-winged kingfishers and his family (Pelargopsis amauroptera) and lesser adjutants (Leptoptilos javanicus), masked finfoots , ospreys (Pandion haliaetus), white-bellied sea eagles, and grey-headed fish eagles (Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus)etc.

        The fisherman with boat. 

There are many famous birds found in the Sunderban forest region including  Caspian terns, open billed storks, Taylor birds, mud searching, black-headed ibis, water hens, coots, dahouks, wild dove pheasant-tailed jacanas, jungle babblers, pariah kites, brahminy kites, marsh harriers, swamp partridges, red junglefowls, spotted doves, brown horns, whimbrels, jungle crows, cotton teals, herring gulls, wild cocks,gray herons, brahminy ducks, spot-billed pelicans, great egrets, night herons, wild ducks, common snipes, wood sandpipers, green pigeons, rose-ringed parakeets, cormorants, white-bellied sea eagles, seagulls, common kingfishers, curlews, peregrine falcons, woodpeckers, blue eyes plovers, little stints, eastern knots, golden plovers, pintails, white-eyed pochards and lesser whistling ducks, many others.

                     The fishing cat. 

Aqua fauna:

There are so many types of aqua fauna in the mangroves forest sundarban. They like as Common toads, silver carp, red carp sawfish,butterfish,electric ray, common carp, barb, river eels, starfish, king crab, one tooth or claw crab, hermit crab, prawn, many species of cat fish etc.  

 The monkey sitting near the bank of river 

Also found are Whale Shark, Tiger Shark, Hammer Headed Shark, Saw fish, Guitar fish and some common edible fish e.g., Hilsa ilisha , Setipinna breviceps , Setipinna taty , Gudusia chapra etc.

Shrimps, Gangetic dolphins, white dolphins, grey dolphins, skipping frogs, and tree frogs are some amphibians and fishes found in the Sunderbans. The main attraction of the aqua fauna is the mudskipper, a gobioid which ride out of the water into mudflats and can also climb big trees.

Snakes :

                        King kobra. 

There are finding many types of dangerous snakes with other animals.According to an intensive household survey in 55 villages in Sundarban, about 25 species (five poisonous and 18 non-poisonous) of snakes have been identified and there appears to have been a general decline in densities. On the contrary, a large number of people are bitten and die from snakebite every year with 0.56 and 0.34 vulnerability and mortality rate per 10,000 people, revernace.

The two most commonly observed poisonous species are the common krait, Bungarus caeruleus (53 %) and common cobra, Naja naja (45 %), and that of non-poisonous varieties are the Ptyas mucosus (38 %), Typhlina bramina (33 %), Xenochrophis piscator (10%), and Amphiesma stolata (12 %). Apart from death of snakes out of fear; habitat loss, unscientific handling of snakes by snake catchers and charmers, and netting by fisherman contributes to snake mortality to a too large extent; 70% killed snakes are of poisonous varieties, 60 % of which are B. caeruleus, the most venomous snake in Sundarban.

 

Insects :

                   The queen of insects. 

There are find many types of beautiful insects with the Avifauna and Aqua fauna. The most beautiful insects is the queen of insects butterfly are available in the place, different types of butterflies flying in the forest from Florida to flower. The other iconic attraction of the forest is honey. Many people came here to collect to the honey. Insects abound in the forests amongst which the honey bee ( Apis dorsata ) is a source of considerable income for the poor people living in fringe areas. They going to the forest with very rescue to collect the honey. 

       

          The honey bee collect honey. 

Many people came here to catch fish. They catch fish by the boat or trailer. But it is also rescue for life but they collect fish for citizens. So thankful to the fisherman man and honey man. 

       The beautiful birds of s. Ban 

Every year many visitors coming here to see the iconic attraction like the trigers, deers, leopards, wolf, fishing cats, wild cats, crocodiles, snakes, and many types of beautiful birds and insects. 

Thanks for watching. 

Author MD.Shaharukh Islam dhali.  

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